Tension Type Headache

Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common type of primary headache, characterized by a dull, aching pain and a sensation of tightness or pressure around the head. These headaches can vary in frequency and intensity, ranging from episodic to chronic.

Characteristics

• Pain Quality: Dull, aching, and non-pulsating.
• Pain Intensity: Mild to moderate.
• Pain Location: Typically bilateral, affecting both sides of the head, and often described as a tight band around the forehead or back of the head and neck.
• Duration: Can last from 30 minutes to several hours; chronic TTH can persist for days.

Types

• Episodic Tension-Type Headache (ETTH): Occurs less than 15 days per month.
• Chronic Tension-Type Headache (CTTH): Occurs 15 or more days per month for at least three months.

Causes and Triggers

The exact cause of TTH is not fully understood, but potential factors include:

• Muscle Tension: Strain or tension in the muscles of the neck and scalp.
• Stress: Emotional or mental stress is a common trigger.
• Poor Posture: Contributing to muscle strain.
• Fatigue: Physical or mental tiredness.
• Eye Strain: Prolonged use of computers or other devices.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is typically based on clinical history and symptom description. There are no specific diagnostic tests for TTH, but imaging studies like MRI or CT scans may be used to rule out other conditions.

Managing tension-type headaches often involves a combination of medication, lifestyle modifications, and addressing any underlying stressors or physical issues.